Why can luminous powder shine at night?

 Phosphors (commonly known as luminous powders) are usually classified into photo-energy storage luminous powders and radioactive luminous powders. The photo-energy storage luminous powder is a fluorescent powder that is stored in natural light, sunlight, ultraviolet light, etc., and is stored in a fluorescent manner after being stopped, so at night or in the dark. , still can see the light, lasting for hours to ten hours.
  The radioactive night light powder is a radioactive substance mixed in the phosphor, and the fluorescent light emitted by the radioactive material is used to excite the phosphor to emit light. Such luminous powder has a long light-emitting time, but has a small application range such as toxic and harmful and environmental pollution.
 
In the real life, people use the characteristics of luminous powder for a long time to make a weak illumination source. They have special use in the military department. They are applied to various indicators of aviation instruments, watches, windows, machines, and doors. Handles, etc., can also be pressed together with various light-transmissive plastics to make various symbols, parts, and supplies (such as power switches, sockets, fishing hooks, etc.).
  After being illuminated by light, these illuminating parts are still illuminating at night or unexpectedly after power failure, getting up after lightning, etc., so that people can distinguish the surrounding direction and bring convenience to work and life. Incorporating ultra-fine particles of luminous materials into textiles to make the colors more vivid, children wearing luminous textiles can reduce traffic accidents.
 
At present, the domestic and foreign luminous materials are mainly made of ZnS, SrS and CaS, emitting green light and yellow light.
  SrS, CaS materials are prone to deliquescence, which brings difficulties to a wide range of applications. Therefore, the market is mainly a luminescent material based on ZnS. However, its afterglow time is only 1 to 3 hours, and it is easy to deteriorate and black in strong light (such as sunlight), ultraviolet light and humid air, so it is limited in many fields. Although the addition of diamond and copper co-activated ZnS luminous powder has a long afterglow time, it has infrared quenching phenomenon, and after the electric light (including more red light), the afterglow is quickly extinguished.
  
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