Principles and colors of printing. Principles and color classification of printing

Abstract: According to the principle that the printed and printed portions of the printing plate are printed during the printing process, they can be divided into two types: physical printing and chemical printing.

       In the literal sense, there are traces of the mark, and the brush is called the brush. Wiping with a brush to make traces on other objects, that is, printing. In short, printing is the industry that produces printed matter. The production of printed matter is similar to the seal. The seal (version) is first engraved, and then the seal (version) is stained with ink, and the ink on the seal (version) is transferred to a substrate such as paper, enamel, and leather to form a printed matter.

        Computer printed documents can be passed through laser printers, inkjet printers or other computer printers. In recent years, computer printing and industrial printing processes have merged, leading to the development of digital printing.

        The production of printed matter generally involves five processes: selection or design of originals, original production, printing, printing, and post-press processing. That is to say, first select or design an original suitable for printing, and then process the graphic information of the original to make an original version (usually called a positive or negative negative) for printing or engraving printing, and then use the original to make The printing plate is used for printing, and finally the printing plate is mounted on the printing machine, and the ink is applied to the surface of the printing plate by the inking system, and the pressure is mechanically pressurized, and the ink is transferred from the printing plate to the printing substrate, so that a large amount of copying is performed. The printed sheets, after being printed and processed, have become finished products for various purposes. Nowadays, people often refer to the design of originals, the processing of graphic information and the plate making as prepress processing, and the process of transferring the ink on the printing plates onto the substrates is called printing. The completion of a piece of printed matter requires pre-press processing. Printing, finishing and other processes.

Printing principle

        According to the principle that the printed portion and the non-printed portion of the printing plate are printed, the principle of producing printed matter can be classified into two types: physical printing and chemical printing.

        Physical printing, the ink is completely a kind of stacked load in the printed part, and the non-printed part is low concave or convex, and the height of the printed part is different, so that the ink can not be stained, and the blank is printed, so the printed part is printed. The ink is transferred to the printed matter and is only a physical mechanical action. Generally, letterpress printing, gravure printing, stencil printing, dry lithography, etc. are all physical printing (printing surface is higher or lower than non-printing surface).

        Chemical printing, the non-printed part of the printing plate (non-printing surface) is not stained with ink, not by the concave, convex, or occluded part of the printing plate, but due to chemical action, it produces a film that absorbs water and rejects ink. By the way. Of course, the printed portion (printing surface) absorbs ink and water, and the non-printed portion absorbs water and rejects ink. Water and grease reciprocate each other, which is still a physical phenomenon. However, in the printing process, the non-printed portion must be continuously replenished with water. The film of ink is chemically printed. The printing of the lithographic rubber printing press belongs to this category. In the solution of the water tank, it is necessary to add a class of materials and a gel material to supply the mucus layer of the carboxyl group to the source to keep the non-printed surface of the printing plate from being contaminated by grease.

Printing procedure

According to the printing production process, there are direct printing and indirect printing.

        Direct printing, the printing ink is directly in contact with the substance to be printed, and the ink is transferred onto it. All the letterpress presses (the latest rubber or plastic version of the rotary press) and the gravure presses, as well as the hand-held lithographic presses in the oldest lithographic presses, are directly printed.

        Indirect printing, the printing ink is first transferred to the rubber cylinder (Cylinder), and then the ink is transferred by the rubber cylinder to the printed matter, such as the offset printing machine (OffsetMachine).

Printing color

According to the color of the printed matter, it can be divided into two types: monochrome printing and multi-color printing.

Monochrome printing is not limited to black ones, and those who display prints in one color are all. Poly Color Printing is divided into three categories: Casing Method, Register Method, and Multi-color Method.

For the color-increasing method, in the double-line range of the monochrome image, another color is added to make it clear and vivid, so as to facilitate reading. In general, the printing of children's books is mostly used; the color-collecting methods are independent of each other, do not overlap each other, and there is no color edge line, which is printed on the printed matter in turn. Generally, the printing of line tables, commodity wrapping papers, and topography is used.

Multi-color printing, according to the Additive Color Mixing Process, the natural color original is decomposed into a primary color separation plate, and then the Subtractive Color Mixing Process is used to reprint the original color plate on the same print. In terms of material, the color of the original color is different, and the natural color print of the Bi Xiao manuscript is also used. All color prints, except for a few additions and coloring methods, are all printed by the complex color method.